- 目录
- Foreword ix
- To the Reader xii
- 1 Defining Criticism, Theory, and Literature
- Eavesdropping on a Literature Classroom
- Can a Text Have More Than One Interpretation?
- How to Become a Literary Critic
- What Is Literary Criticism?
- What Is Literary Theory?
- Making Meaning from Text
- The Reading Process and Literary Theory
- What Is Literature?
- Literary Theory and the Definition of Literature
- The Function of Literature and Literary Theory
- Beginning the Formal Study of Literary Theory
- Further Reading
- 2 A Historical Survey of Literary Criticism
- Introduction
- Plato (ca. 427-347 B.C.)
- Aristotle (384-322 B.C.)
- Horace (65-8 B.C.)
- Longinus (First Century A.D.)
- Dante Alighieri (1265-1321)
- Sir Philip Sidney (1554-1586)
- John Dryden (1631-1700)
- Alexander Pope (1688-1744)
- William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
- Hippolyte Adolphe Taine (1828-1893)
- Matthew Arnold (1822-1888)
- Henry James (1843-1916)
- Modern Literary Criticism
- Further Reading
- 3 New Criticism
- Introduction
- Historical Development
- Assumptions
- Methodology
- Questions for Analysis
- Sample Essay
- Further Reading
- Web Sites for Exploration
- Student Essay: Dale Schuurman, Keats's "To Autumn": Verses of Praise for a Malicious Season?
- 4 Reader-Response Criticism
- Introduction
- Historical Development
- Assumptions
- Methodology
- Questions for Analysis
- Sample Essay
- Further Reading
- Web Sites for Exploration
- Student Essay:Jennifer Douglas, "Ethan Brand's" Challenge to Me
- 5 Structuralism
- Introduction
- Historical Development
- Assumptions
- Methodologies
- Questions for Analysis
- Sample Essay
- Further Reading
- Web Sites for Exploration
- Student Essay: Conie Krause, Will the Real Walter Mitty Please Wake Up: A Structuralist's View of "The Secret Life of Walter Mitty"
- 6 Deconstruction
- Structuralism and Poststructuralism: Two Views of the World Modernity
- Poststructuralism or Postmodernism
- Historical Development
- Assumptions
- Methodology
- American Deconstructors
- Questions for Analysis
- Sample Essay
- Further Reading
- Web Sites for Exploration
- Student Essay: Jennifer Douglas, Deconstructing a "Real" House
- 7 Psychoanalytic Criticism
- Introduction
- Historical Development
- Assumptions
- Methodologies
- Questions for Analysis
- Sample Essay
- Further Reading
- Web Sites for Exploration
- Student Essay:David Johnson, A Psychoanalytic Approach to Poe's "The City in the Sea"
- 8 Feminism
- Introduction
- Historical Development
- Assumptions
- Methodology
- Questions for Analysis
- Sample Essay
- Further Reading
- Web Sites for Exploration
- Student Essay:Lori Huth, Throwing Off the Yoke: "Rip Van Winkle" and Women
- 9 Marxism
- Introduction
- Historical Development
- Assumptions
- Methodology
- Questions for Analysis
- Sample Essay
- Further Reading
- Web Sites for Explora tion
- Student Essay: Juanita Wolfe, Baking Bread for the Bourgeoisie
- 10 Cultural Poetics
- or New Historicistn
- Introduction
- Historical Development
- Assumptions
- Methodology
- Questions for Textual Analysis
- Questions for Analysis
- Sample Essay
- Further Reading
- Web Sites for Exploration
- Student Essay:
- Krista Adlhock, Hawthorne's Understanding of History in "The Maypole of Merry Mount"
- 11 Cultural Studies
- Introduction
- Postcolonialism: "The Empire Writes Back"
- Historical Development of Postcolonialism
- Assumptions of Postcolonialist Theory
- Methodology
- Questions for Analysis
- Postcolonialism and African American Criticism
- Gender Studies: New Directions in Feminism
- Sample Essay
- Further Reading
- Web Sites for Exploration
- Student Essay:
- Wendy Rader, "The Gentlemen of the Jungle":
- Or Are They Beasts?
- 12 Literary Selections
- John Keats, "To Autumn"
- Nathaniel Hawthorne, "Ethan Brand"
- James Thurber, "The Secret Life of Walter Mitty"
- Sandra Cisneros, "The House on Mango Street"
- Edgar Allan Poe, "The City in the Sea"
- Washington Irving, "Rip Van Winkle"
- Tony Harrison, "Marked with D."
- Nathaniel Hawthorne, "The Maypole of Merry Mount"
- Jomo Kenyatta, "The Gentlemen of the Jungle"
- Glossary
- References
- Credits
- Index