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国际金融法


作者:
徐冬根
定价:
43.00 元
版面字数:
680.00千字
开本:
16开
装帧形式:
平装
页数:
444
最新
印次时间:
暂无
ISBN:
978-7-04-042304-4
物料号:
42304-00
出版时间:
2015-05-05
读者对象:
高等教育
一级分类:
法学
二级分类:
法学
三级分类:
法学

《国际金融法(英文版)》是上海交大法学院徐冬根教授所主持的“国家级双语教学示范课程”——国际金融法的配套教材。本书用英文创作,共分八章,分别对国际商业贷款法律制度、国际银团贷款法律制度、国际项目融资法律制度、国际贸易融资法律制度、国际支付法律制度、资产证券化法律制度、国际融资担保法律制度和国际金融法律实践中的法律意见等,做了详细的阐释。本书在有限篇幅内,把重点放在对国际金融法的法律制度与实践的阐释上,对于基本原则等理论知识尽量予以精简。同时,在理论阐释过程中,穿插术语精解(interpretation)、案例探讨(case)和例举说明(illustration),既全方位、多角度地深化对基本理论和制度的理解,又增加了可读性和趣味性。此外,书中使用了大量原创的示意图、流程图等图表,直观、形象、生动。

《国际金融法(英文版)》特别适合高等学校法学和国际金融专业双语 教学使用。

  • 目录
    • 前辅文
      • CHAPTER 1 INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL LOAN
        • §1 Commercial Loan and Loan Agreement
          • 1.1 Commercial Loan
            • 1.2 Loan Agreement
            • §2 Facility and Interest
              • 2.1 Facility
                • 2.1.1 Term Loan
                  • 2.1.2 Revolving Loan
                    • 2.1.3 Other Sub-Facility
                    • 2.2 Interest and Fees
                      • 2.2.1 How Interest Works?
                        • 2.2.2 LIBOR and Margin
                          • 2.2.3 From LIBOR to SHIBOR
                            • 2.2.4 Fixed Interest Rate and Variable Interest Rate
                              • 2.2.5 Calculation and Payment of Interest
                                • 2.2.6 Cost and Fees
                              • §3 Conditions Precedent and Notice of Drawdown
                                • 3.1 What Are Conditions Precedent?
                                  • 3.2 Legal Features of Conditions Precedent
                                    • 3.3 Purposes of Conditions Precedent
                                      • 3.4 Notice of Drawdown
                                      • §4 Representations and Warranties
                                        • 4.1 What Are Representations and Warranties?
                                          • 4.2 Aspects Covered by Representations & Warranties
                                          • §5 Special Covenants
                                            • 5.1 Negative Pledge Clause
                                              • 5.1.1 Negative Pledge Clause in Legal Sense
                                                • 5.1.2 Negative Pledge Clause in Functionality
                                                  • 5.1.3 World Bank Negative Pledge Clause
                                                    • 5.1.4 Do Basic Negative Pledge Clauses Create Security Interests?
                                                    • 5.2 Pari Passu Clause
                                                      • 5.3 Financial Covenants
                                                        • 5.4 Restrictions on Disposals of Assets Clause
                                                          • 5.5 Waiver of Sovereign Immunity
                                                            • 5.6 Evidence Clause of Indebtedness
                                                            • §6 Events of Default and Default Remedies
                                                              • 6.1 Events of Default
                                                                • 6.2 Typical Clauses of Events of Default
                                                                  • 6.3 Consequences of the Occurrence of Events of Default
                                                                    • 6.4 Default Remedies
                                                                    • §7 Miscellaneous
                                                                      • 7.1 Dispute Resolution Provisions
                                                                        • 7.1.1 Generality
                                                                          • 7.1.2 Arbitration
                                                                            • 7.1.3 Jurisdiction
                                                                            • 7.2 Governing Law
                                                                          • CHAPTER 2 SYNDICATED LOAN
                                                                            • §1 Generality
                                                                              • 1.1 What Are Syndicated Loans?
                                                                                • 1.2 Reasons for Syndicated Loans
                                                                                  • 1.2.1 Benefits of Syndicated Loan for Borrowers
                                                                                    • 1.2.2 Benefits of Syndicated Loan for Lenders
                                                                                    • 1.3 Legal Structure of Syndicated Loan
                                                                                      • 1.4 The Syndication Process in Outline
                                                                                        • 1.5 Typical Case of Syndicated Loan
                                                                                          • 1.5.1 Shanghai Disney Resort: Overview
                                                                                            • 1.5.2 Ownership: Main Investors of the Shanghai Disney Resort
                                                                                              • 1.5.3 Business and Financing Schedule
                                                                                              • 1.6 Club Loan: Special Syndicated Loan?
                                                                                              • §2 Legal Issues in Initial Stage of Syndicated Loan
                                                                                                • 2.1 Mandate
                                                                                                  • 2.2 Functions of Arranger
                                                                                                    • 2.2.1 Primary Functions of Arranger
                                                                                                      • 2.2.2 Multiple Arrangers in Same Syndicatied Loan
                                                                                                      • 2.3 Information Memorandum
                                                                                                        • 2.3.1 Is Information Memorandum Prospectus?
                                                                                                          • 2.3.2 Arranger's Liability Because of Defect Information Memorandum
                                                                                                            • 2.3.3 Avoidance of Arranger's Liability
                                                                                                              • 2.3.4 Effect of Liability Disclaimers
                                                                                                              • 2.4 Offer and Acceptance of Loan
                                                                                                                • 2.4.1 Offer of Loan to the Borrower
                                                                                                                  • 2.4.2 Acceptance by Participants
                                                                                                                  • 2.5 Payment of Arranger Fees by Borrower
                                                                                                                    • 2.6 Does Arranger Owe Fiduciary Duties to Participants?
                                                                                                                      • 2.6.1 Fiduciary Duties under Common Law: Theory and Practice
                                                                                                                        • 2.6.2 View Denying Fiduciary Duties
                                                                                                                          • 2.6.3 “Fiduciary” Academic View
                                                                                                                        • §3 Legal Issues Based on Syndicated Loan Agreement
                                                                                                                          • 3.1 Severalty
                                                                                                                            • 3.1.1 Several Obligation and Commitments of Participants
                                                                                                                              • 3.1.2 Defaulting Lender Issues
                                                                                                                              • 3.2 Majority Rule
                                                                                                                                • 3.2.1 Issues Decided by Majorities
                                                                                                                                  • 3.2.2 Cases Accepted Majority Rule
                                                                                                                                    • 3.2.3 Could Participant Claim Contrary Wishes of Majority?
                                                                                                                                      • 3.2.4 Criticism on Majority Rule
                                                                                                                                      • 3.3 Unanimous Consent
                                                                                                                                      • §4 Responsibilities and Roles of Agent Bank
                                                                                                                                        • 4.1 Agent Bank:Partner to the Borrower
                                                                                                                                          • 4.2 Agent Bank:Agent of Participants
                                                                                                                                            • 4.3 Rights and Obligations of Agent Bank
                                                                                                                                              • 4.4 Roles of Agent Bank
                                                                                                                                                • 4.4.1 Certification of Compliance with Conditions Precedent
                                                                                                                                                  • 4.4.2 Payment Services
                                                                                                                                                    • 4.4.3 Monitoring Loan Covenants
                                                                                                                                                      • 4.4.4 Duty to Act on Occurrence of Default
                                                                                                                                                      • 4.5 Limitation on Liabilities of Agent Bank
                                                                                                                                                        • 4.5.1 Disclaimer of Liabilities
                                                                                                                                                          • 4.5.2 Ostrich Clauses
                                                                                                                                                          • 4.6 Fees and Expenses Paid to Agent Bank
                                                                                                                                                        • CHAPTER 3 LOAN PARTICIPATION AND ASSIGNMENT
                                                                                                                                                          • §1 Generality
                                                                                                                                                            • 1.1 What Is Loan Participation?
                                                                                                                                                              • 1.1.1 Borrower-Lead Bank Relationship
                                                                                                                                                                • 1.1.2 Lead Bank-Participant Relationship
                                                                                                                                                                  • 1.1.3 Borrower-Participant Relationship
                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.1.4 Loan Participation v.Syndicated Loan
                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.2 Why Choose Loan Participations?
                                                                                                                                                                      • 1.3 Retention by Lead Bank Risk of Loss
                                                                                                                                                                      • §2 Participations: Securities or Loans?
                                                                                                                                                                        • 2.1 Are Participations Securities?
                                                                                                                                                                          • 2.2 Participations Denied as Securities by Leading Cases
                                                                                                                                                                            • 2.3 Legal Features of True Participations
                                                                                                                                                                            • §3 Transfer Forms of Loan Participation
                                                                                                                                                                              • 3.1 Assignment
                                                                                                                                                                                • 3.2 Sub-Participations
                                                                                                                                                                                  • 3.3 Novation
                                                                                                                                                                                    • 3.4 Risk Participations
                                                                                                                                                                                      • 3.5 Restrictions on Transfer of Loan Interest
                                                                                                                                                                                      • §4 Classification of Loan Participations
                                                                                                                                                                                        • 4.1 Transfer of Participation as Loan
                                                                                                                                                                                          • 4.2 Transfer of Participation as Sale
                                                                                                                                                                                            • 4.3 Transfer of Participation as Trust
                                                                                                                                                                                              • 4.4 Proposal on Model Participation Agreement
                                                                                                                                                                                              • §5 Mechanism for Participants Protection
                                                                                                                                                                                                • 5.1 Reducing Legal Risk of the Participant from Legal Documents
                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 5.2 Participant's Remedies of Claim Against the Lead
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 5.2.1 Remedies Based on Lead's Misrepresentation Fraud
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 5.2.2 Remedies Based on Lead's Liable for Intentional Fraud
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 5.2.3 Remedies Based on Lead's Liable for Breach of Fiduciary Duty
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 5.2.4 Remedies Based on Fraud Claim Under Securities Law
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • CHAPTER 4 PROJECT FINANCE
                                                                                                                                                                                                        • §1 The Elaborate Structures
                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 1.1 What Is Project Finance?
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 1.2 Project Company
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 1.2.1 Basic Forms for Ownership of Project
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 1.2.2 Social Responsibility of the Project Company
                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 1.3 Other Participants of the Project Finance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 1.3.1 Host Government and Its Concession
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.3.2 Sponsor
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 1.3.3 Lenders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 1.3.4 Construction Contractor
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 1.3.5 Operator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 1.3.6 Product Offtaker
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 1.3.7 Feedstock Supplier
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 1.4 Law and Practice of Project Finance in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 1.4.1 Development of BOT Project Finance in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 1.4.2 Regulations and Rules of the BOT Project Finance in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.4.3 Laibin B Power Station BOT Project Finance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • §2 Capital Structure of the Project Finance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 2.1 Various Sources for Financing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 2.2 Equity and Debt Ratios
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 2.2.1 Equity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 2.2.2 Debt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 2.3 The Advantages of the Project Finance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 2.3.1 Limited Recourse Debt Financing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 2.3.2 Highly Leveraged Debt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 2.3.3 Off-Balance-Sheet Treatment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • §3 Risk Identification and Allocation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 3.1 Overview of Various Risks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 3.1.1 Classification of Risks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 3.1.2 Allocation of Risks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 3.2 Political Risks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 3.2.1 What Are Political Risks?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 3.2.2 Political Risk Insurance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 3.2.3 Political Risk Insurance Providers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 3.3 Legal Risks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 3.3.1 Changes in Law
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 3.3.2 Legal System Status
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 3.4 Risks During Construction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 3.5 Risks During Operation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 3.5.1 Operating Risks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 3.5.2 Market Risks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 3.5.3 Currency Devaluation Risks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • §4 Major Contracts of the Project Finance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 4.1 Project Finance Contract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 4.2 Project Collateral Arrangements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 4.2.1 Pledge on Project Company's Shares
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 4.2.2 Pledge on Project Company's Receivables
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 4.2.3 Floating Charge on Whole Project's Assets
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 4.2.4 Setting of Step-In Rights
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 4.2.5 Assignment of Rights
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 4.2.6 Other Project Collateral Arrangements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 4.3 Concession Contract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 4.4 Construction Contract & Completion Guarantee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 4.4.1 Construction Contract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 4.4.2 Completion Guarantee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 4.5 Operating Contract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 4.6 Product Offtake Contracts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 4.7 Feedstock Supply Contracts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 4.8 Insurance Contract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • CHAPTER 5 ASSET SECURITIZATION
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • §1 Generality of Asset Securitization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 1.1 What Is Asset Securitization?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.2 Reasons for Development of Asset Securitization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 1.3 Rate Is Lower than Commercial Loan?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 1.4 Process of Asset Securitization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • §2 Major Legal Subjects and Elements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 2.1 Originator
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 2.2 Special Purpose Vehicle(SPV)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 2.3 True Sale
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 2.3.1 Factors Affecting True Sale
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 2.3.2 True Sale Determination
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 2.3.3 Other Legal Requirements for Transfer of Assets
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 2.4 Bankruptcy Remote
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 2.4.1 Traditional Bankruptcy Attacks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 2.4.2 Bankruptcy Remote Structure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 2.5 Credit Enhancement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 2.5.1 Third-Party Credit Enhancement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 2.5.2 Internal Credit Enhancements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 2.6 Rating Asset-Backed Securities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 2.6.1 What Are Credit Rating Agencies?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 2.6.2 Evaluation of General Credit Risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 2.6.3 Evaluation of Cash Flow and Collateral Valuation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • §3 Securitized Assets: From Credit Revenues to Intellectual Property
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 3.1 Case of Ford Credit Securitization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 3.1.1 How Ford Credit Earn Revenues?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 3.1.2 Ford Shape-Shifting Asset-Backed Securities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 3.2 Case of Bowie Bonds: Securitization of Intellectual Property
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 3.2.1 Expansion of Assets of Securitization to Intellectual Property
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 3.2.2 Bowie Bonds: the First Securitization of Music Copyrights' Future Royalties
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 3.2.3 David Pullman and“Pullman Bonds”
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • §4 Asset Securitization in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 4.1 Development of Securitization in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 4.2 Framework of China's Securitization Laws and Regulations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 4.3 Rules About Majors Elements of Securitization in China
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 4.3.1 Originator of Asset-Backed Securitization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 4.3.2 Credit Assets
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 4.3.3 SPV/Trustee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 4.3.4 True Sale
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 4.3.5 Credit Rating
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 4.3.6 Issuance and Trading of Asset-Backed Securities
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 4.4 Case Analysis of Securitization of China Construction Bank
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 4.4.1 Introduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 4.4.2 Legal Structure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 4.4.3 Key Participants
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • CHAPTER 6 LETTERS OF CREDIT
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • §1 Generality of Letters of Credit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 1.1 What Is Letter of Credit?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.1.1 As Instrument of Payment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 1.1.2 As Sub-Facility of Loan
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 1.1.3 As Conditional Commitment
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 1.1.4 As Obligation Rather than Contract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 1.2 Parties and Their Relationship
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 1.2.1 Parties Involving Letter of Credit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 1.2.2 Legal Relationship Among Parties
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 1.3 Laws Applicable to Letter of Credit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 1.4 Principle of Independence of Letter of Credit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 1.4.1 Independent from Contract Between Beneficiary and Account Party
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.4.2 Independent from Relationship Between Issuer and Account Party
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.5 Types of Letter of Credit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 1.6 Letter of Credit Process
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • §2 Strict Compliance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 2.1 Principle of Strict Compliance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 2.1.1 Strict Compliance Rule
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 2.1.2 Rule of Appearance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 2.1.3 Justification for the Principle of Strict Compliance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 2.1.4 Examination of the Documents
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 2.2 Different Interpretation of Strict Compliance Rule
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 2.2.1 Literal Compliance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 2.2.2 Substantial Compliance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 2.2.3 Opinions from the Banker, Importer and Exporter
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 2.3 Refusal of Letter of Credit Payment and Case of Voest-Alpine Trading
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 2.3.1 Introduction of the Case
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 2.3.2 Facts of the Case
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 2.3.3 The Court's Analysis
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • §3 The Fraud Exception Rule
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 3.1 What Are Fraud and Fraud Exception Rule?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 3.1.1 Fraud: Exception from Principle of Independence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 3.1.2 The Sztejn Case
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 3.2 Conditions for Application of Fraud Exception Rule
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 3.2.1 Fraud Committed by the Beneficiary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 3.2.2 Established Fraud
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 3.2.3 Material Fraud
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 3.2.4 Clear and Obvious Fraud
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 3.3 Restriction of the Fraud Exception
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 3.3.1 Fraud Made by a Third Party
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 3.3.2 Does Breach of Contract Constitute a Fraud?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 3.3.3 Does Soft Clause Constitute a Fraud?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 3.4 Fraud Exception v.Breach of Warranty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • §4 Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 4.1 UCP and ICC Banking Commission
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 4.2 Background of UCP
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 4.3 Modification on Layout
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • §5 Choice of Law Rule for Letters of Credit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 5.1 UCP as Governing Law
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 5.2 Choice of Law Rule Under the Convention
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 5.3 Choice of Law Rule Under Revised UCC Article
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 5.4 Conflicting Between UCP and UCC
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • CHAPTER 7 GUARANTEES FOR INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL TRANSACTION
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • §1 Guarantee Under Common Law
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 1.1 What Is Guarantee?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 1.1.1 Guarantee May Be Conditional
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 1.1.2 Guarantees May Be Limited and Indirect
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.1.3 Guarantees May Be Documentary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 1.1.4 Guarantee May Be Primary or Secondary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 1.1.5 True Guarantee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 1.1.6 Parent Company Guarantee and Downstream Guarantee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 1.2 Discharge of Guarantor
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 1.2.1 Implied Release and Variation of Underlying Principle Contract
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 1.2.2 Release of Collateral or Discharge of any Co-Guarantor
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 1.2.3 Failure to Perfect a Security Interest
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 1.2.4 Invalidity of the Principal Obligation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.2.5 Anti-Discharge by Indulgence Clauses
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.3 Bond and Indemnity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 1.3.1 Guarantee v.Bond
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 1.3.2 Guarantee v.Indemnity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 1.4 Suretyship and Guaranty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 1.4.1 Suretyship Agreements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 1.4.2 Primary Liability of Surety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 1.4.3 Creditor's Duty of Disclosure to Surety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 1.4.4 Independent Legal Advice for Vulnerable Surety
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 1.4.5 Surety's Defenses and “Impairment of Suretyship” Doctrine
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.4.6 Guaranty Agreements
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.5 Interpretation of Guarantee and Case of Marubeni
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • §2 Demand Guarantees
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 2.1 Introduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 2.1.1 What is Demand Guarantee?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 2.1.2 Risk Distribution Function of Demand Guarantee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 2.1.3 Payment Guarantee in Form of Demand Guarantee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 2.1.4 Model Form of the Agreement on Demand Guarantee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 2.2 Independence Principle and Fraud Exception
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 2.2.1 Independence Principle of Demand Guarantee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 2.2.2 Rationales Behind the Independence Principle
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 2.2.3 Fraud Exception of the Independence Principle
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 2.3 New Exceptions to the Independence Principle
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 2.3.1 Unconscionability
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 2.3.2 Illegality
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 2.4 Parties and Governing Law of Demand Guarantees
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 2.4.1 Parties Involved in the Demand Guarantee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 2.4.2 The Governing Law of Demand Guarantees
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • §3 Performance Bond
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 3.1 Introduction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 3.1.1 What Is Performance Bond?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 3.1.2 A Simple Hypothetical
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 3.2 Form of Performance Guarantee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 3.3 Interpretation of Performance Bond
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 3.3.1 Performance Bond as Guarantee
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 3.3.2 Performance Bond Given by Noncommercial Entities Interpreted as Conditional Bond
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 3.3.3 Performance Guarantee as On-Demand Bond
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 3.4 The Edward Owen Case
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 3.4.1 Fact
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 3.4.2 Court's Analysis and Decision
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 3.5 Performance Bond v.Letter of Credit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • §4 Standby Letter of Credit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 4.1 What Is Standby Letter of Credit?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 4.2 The Main Uses of Standby Letters of Credit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 4.3 International Rules for Standbys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 4.4 Standbys v.Independent Guarantees
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • CHAPTER 8 LEGAL OPINION FOR INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL TRANSACTION
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • §1 Introduction of Legal Opinion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 1.1 What Is Legal Opinion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 1.1.1 Legal Opinion to the Client/Lender
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 1.1.2 Third-Party Legal Opinions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 1.1.3 Opinion not as Form of Insurance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 1.2 Purpose of Opinion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 1.2.1 For Condition Precedent Requirement
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 1.2.2 For Due Diligence Review
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 1.2.3 For Closing of a Transaction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 1.2.4 For Comfort to the Parties
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 1.2.5 For Efficiency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 1.3 Assumptions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 1.4 Facts and Law
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 1.5 Due Diligence for Legal Opinion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • §2 Form and Elements of Opinion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 2.1 Recitation of Opinion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 2.1.1 Description of Role of Counsel
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 2.1.2 Jurisdictional Limitations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 2.1.3 Documents and Matters Examined
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 2.1.4 Specific Qualifications or Exclusions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 2.2 Contents of Opinion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 2.2.1 Due Incorporation and Qualification
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 2.2.2 Power and Authority
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 2.2.3 No Conflict
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 2.2.4 Binding Effect
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 2.2.5 No Litigation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 2.2.6 Creation and Perfection of Security Interest
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 2.2.7 Mortgages
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 2.2.8 Governing Law
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • §3 Liability of the Opining Lawyer
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 3.1 Contractual Liability
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 3.2 Liability to Third-Party Beneficiary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 3.2.1 Intended Third-Party Beneficiary and Duty of Care
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 3.2.2 Fiduciary Duty to a Third-Party Beneficiary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 3.3 Liability to Adverse Party
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 3.4 Liability in Tort of Negligence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 3.4.1 Release of Privity for Negligent Misrepresentation Claim
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 3.4.2 Third Party's Justifiable Reliance
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • 3.5 Liability in Tort of Fraud
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • 3.5.1 Fraud or Omitting Material Fact from Disclosure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • 3.5.2 False Information as Misrepresentations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 3.5.3 Material Misstatements of Fact
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • 3.6 Could Disclaimers Exempt Attorney from Professional Liabilities?
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • §4 Experiences Refined from Cases and Practice
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • 4.1 Rules of Legal Opinions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • 4.2 How Legal Opinions Form and Work
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • 4.3 How to Reduce Professional Liability
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • 4.4 Sample of Legal Opinions

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